Orchidinae Dressler & Dodson, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47 (1960) 35. Type genus: Orchis L.
Synonyms:
Terrestrials or rarely epiphytes, rarely mycoheterotrophic plants with colorless scale leaves. Tubers ovoid, spherical, ellipsoid or cylindric-fusiform, solitary or in clusters, hairy or glabrous. Leaves spirally arranged, 1 to many, deciduous or rarely persistent for more than 1 year, at the base of the stem or arranged along its length; leaf sheath often present; the lowest 1 to few reduced to sheaths, the uppermost often scale-like. Inflorescence terminal, erect or curved, 1- to many-flowered, rarely secund; peduncle usually terete, glabrous or less often hairy or glandular; floral bracts linear, lanceolate, ovate or elliptic, sometimes cucullate, usually glabrous. Flowers small to large, usually resupinate; pedicel usually short, often obscure; ovary distinct, glabrous or less often hairy or glandular. Dorsal sepal free or often adnate to the petals to form a hood over the column. Lateral sepals usually free, rarely connate to the base of the column, lip, stigma lobes or rostellum. Petals entire or 2-lobed. Lip usually lowermost in flower, usually deflexed, entire, 3- or 5-lobed, less commonly 2-partite, occasionally with a callus, usually spurred at the base; spur saccate, scrotiform, fusiform, club-shaped or cylindric, rarely fused to the ovary. Column basifixed, rarely adnate to the other floral segments at the base, erect or decumbent; anther 2-locular, locules either adnate or separated on a more or less broad connective; pollinia 2 or 4, sectile, attached by short to elongate caudicles to 1 or 2 viscidia; lateral appendages (staminodes, auricles ) 2, usually present, sessile or stalked, usually shorter than the column, rarely filiform and as long as or longer than the column; stigma entire or 2lobed, sessile or stalked, concave to convex; rostellum usually 3lobed, sometimes obscure, the mid-lobe erect or porrect, lying between or in front of the anther loculi, the lateral lobes short to long, porrect, rarely incurved or curved upwards.
(after Cribb 2001)
Subtribe Orchidinae contains XX Genera with XX species in
Subfamily tribes with c. 3650 species in North America, and temperate South America, Europe, tropical and South Africa, Madagascar, temperate Australia, .
IN PREPARATION
A large number of the taxa that were earlier placed in the Neottioideae are nowadays included in Orchidoideae (but not the type genus of the Neottioideae: Neottia).
Subtribe Orchidinae in New Guinea contains 52 genera; in New Guinea XX genera:
ARTIFICIAL KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE SUBTRIBE ORCHIDINAE IN NEW GUINEA
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