Family Orchidaceae Subfamily Epidendroideae Tribe Arethuseae Subtribe Arethusinae
Arethusinae Benth., J. Linn. Soc., Bot., 18 (1881.) 288, 347. Type genus: Arethusa L.
Synonyms:
Terrestrial herbs. Roots with velamen. Stems reed-like or a corm, subterranean to areal exposed. Leaves 1 to numerous, conduplicate, distichous, often plicate, linear to lanceolate; leaf sheath present. lnflorescence terminal or lateral, branched or not, 1- to many-flowers; floral bracts often deciduous, ovate to linear, with acute to acuminate apex. Flowers resupinate or not. Sepals free to connate at the base, hardly spreading to strongly reflexed, elliptic, lanceolate to obovate. Petals free or not, hardly spreading to strongly reflexed, lanceolate, ovate, obovate to oblanceolate. Lip free or adnate to the column, 3-lobed with the lobes entire to crenate, obovate, obdeltoid to oblanceolate; lateral lobes usually basal, sometimes apical; midlobe entire to cleft; longitudinal keels present or not, often with coloured trichomes and papillae. Column straight to incurved, winged especially at the top; pollinia 4 or 8, more or less soft. Fruit a capsule, erect to pendent, fusiform, oblong, ovoid to obconical.
(after Goldman 2005)
Subtribe Arethusinae consists of five genera distributed in eastern North America (Canada and the United States), and the northern Caribbean (Bahamas and Cuba). India, Sri Lanka, the Himalayas, Indo-China, southern China, Taiwan, Japan, southeast Russia and western Malesia. The genus Arundina has been introduced in the Philippines, New Guinea and Pacific islands, Puerto Rico, Trinidad, Venezuela.
- Bentham, G. & Hooker, J.D. Genera plantarum Vol. 3 (1883).
- Brieger, F.G., Maatsch, N., & Senghas, K. in F.G. Brieger & G. Borchardt (edit.), Die Orchideen Lieferung 7 (1975) 386-91.
- Goldman, D.H., Arethusinae, in A.M. Pridgeon, P.J. Cribb, M.W. Chase & F.N. Rasmussen (edit.), Genera Orchidacearum Vol. 4 Epidendroideae (Part One) (2005) 10.
- Greuter, W, McNeil, J., Barrie, F.R., Burdet, H M., Dernoulin, V., Filgueiras, T.S., Nicholson, D.H., Silva, P.C., Skog, J.E., Trehane, P., Turland, N.J., and Hawksworth, D.L. (edit.). International code of botanical nomenclature (St. Louis Code). Regnum Vegetabile 138 (2000) 1-474.
- Lindley, J. The genera and species of orchidaceous plants (1840).
- DG Arethuseae, in A.M. Pridgeon, P.J. Cribb, M.W. Chase & F.N. Rasmussen (edit.), Genera Orchidacearum Vol. 4 (2005) 10.
- Meisner, C.F. Plantarum vascularum genera, secundum ordines naturales digesta eorumque differentiae et affinitates tabulis diagnostacis expositae (1842).
- Moore, G. A review of the nomenclatural difficulties of misplaced rank-denoting terms. Taxon 50 (2001) 495-505.
- Family Orchidaceae
- Subfamily Epidendroideae
- Tribe Arethuseae
- Subtribe Arethusinae
Subtribe Arethusinae contains 5 genera; in New Guinea 1 genus (introduced):
Arundina
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