Species Information - Spiranthes sinensis

Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2 (1908) 53

Type:

Synonyms:

• Neottia sinensis Pers., Syn. Pl. 2 (1807) 510
  - Type: Anonymus s.n. (China, Canton) (holo UPS)
• Ophrys spiralis Georgi, Bemerk. Reise Russ. Reich. 1 (1775) 232 (non L.)
  - Type: ?
• Spiranthes spiralis (Lour.) Makino, J. Jap. Bot. 3 (1926) 25 (non A. Rich.)
• Aristotelea spiralis Lour., Fl. Cochinch. 2 (1790) 522
  - Type: ?
• Epidendrum aristotelia Raeusch., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 3 (1797) 265 (nom. nud.)
  - Type: ?
• Spiranthes aristotelia (Raeusch.) Merr., Philipp. J. Sci. 15 (1919) 230
• Spiranthes australis (R.Br.) Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. (1824) sub t. 823
• Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames var. australis (R.Br.) Hara & Kitam., Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 36 (1985) 93
• Gyrostachis australis (R.Br.) Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 108
• Monustes australis (R.Br.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2 (1836, publ. 1837) 87
• Neottia australis R.Br., Prodr. (1810) 319
  - Type: Not designated: around Port Jackson including Hunter's R. and Coal R.
• Calanthe australis (R.Br.) Aiton ex Loudon, Hort. Brit., new ed., Suppl., 2 (1839) 615
• Neottia amoena M.Bieb., Fl. Taur. Cauc. 3 (1819) 606
  - Type: ?
• Gyrostachis amoena (M.Bieb.) Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 108
• Spiranthes amoena (M.Bieb.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3 (1826) 708
• Spiranthes flexuosa (Sm.) Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. (1824) sub t. 823
• Neottia flexuosa Sm. in Rees, Cyclop. 24 (1819) n. 9
  - Type: ?
• Spiranthes parviflora (Sm.) Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. (1824) sub t. 823
• Neottia parviflora Sm. in Rees, Cyclop. 24 (1819) n. 10
  - Type: ?
• Spiranthes australis (R.Br.) Lindl. var. pudica (Lindl.) Lindl., J. Bot. 7 (1855) 38
• Neottia pudica (Lindl.) Sweet in Loudon, Hort. Brit., ed. 2 (1830) 485
• Spiranthes pudica Lindl., Coll. Bot. (1821) t. 30
  - Type: Wallich s.n. (Nepal) (holo K)
• Spiranthes australis (R.Br.) Lindl. var. wightiana Lindl. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6 (1890) 102
  - Type: ?
• Spiranthes crispata (Blume) Zoll. & Moritzi, Syst. Verz. (1846) 89
• Neottia crispata Blume, Bijdr. (1825) 406
  - Type: Blume 1739 (Mt. Galungung, Tjanjor Prov.) (holo L)
• Gyrostachys wightiana (Lindl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 663
• Spiranthes wightiana Lindl. in Wall., Numer. List (1829) n. 7378 (nom. nud.)
  - Type: ?
• Spiranthes densa A.Rich., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 15 (1841) 79
  - Type: Perrottet s.n. (India, Neilgherries, Dodabetta) (holo P)
• Spiranthes indica Lindl. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2 (1841) 625
• Spiranthes longispicata A.Rich., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 15 (1841) 78
  - Type: Perrottet s.n. (India, Neilgherries, Otacamund) (holo P)
• Spiranthes novaezeylandiae Hook.f., Fl. Novae Zelandiae 1 (1853) 243
  - Type: Colenso s.n. (New Zealand, N. Isl.) (holo K)
• Spiranthes stylites Lindl., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 1 (1857) 178
  - Type: Fortune s.n. (China, Che-Kiang) (holo K)
• Gyrostachys stylites (Lindl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 664
• Gyrostachis australis (R.Br.) Blume var. wightiana Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 108
  - Type: ?
• Gyrostachis australis (R.Br.) Blume var. flexuosa Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 109, t. 38, fig. 2
  - Type: ?
• Gyrostachis australis (R.Br.) Blume var. crispata Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 109, t. 37, fig. 3
  - Type: ?
• Gyrostachis australis (R.Br.) Blume var. parviflora Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 109
  - Type: ?
• Gyrostachis australis (R.Br.) Blume var. amoena Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 108
  - Type: ?
• Gyrostachis pusilla Blume, Fl. Javae, n.s., 1 (1858) 109, pl. 45, f. 1, pl. 48 C; Coll. Orchid. (1858)
  - Type: Korthals? s.n. (Sumatra, Palembang) (holo L)
• Spiranthes pusilla (Blume) Miq., Fl. Ned. Indiñ3 (1859) 722
• Spiranthes neocaledonica Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39 (1906) 51
  - Type: Schlechter 15594 (New Caledonia) (holo B, lost)
• Spiranthes papuana Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1 (1911) 46
  - Type: Schlechter 18338 (holo B, lost); para: 19689 (B, lost)
• Spiranthes angustilabris J.J.Sm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12 (1913) 394
  - Type: Gjellerup 1191 (holo BO; iso L)
• Spiranthes australis (R.Br.) Lindl. var. suishaensis Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 6 (1916) 86
  - Type: Hayata s.n. (IV-1916, Taiwan, Suisha 2500 ft.)
• Spiranthes suishaensis (Hayata) Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4 (1919) 161 ('suishanensis')
• Spiranthes viridiflora Makino, J. Jap. Bot. 4 (1927) 10
  - Type: ?

Basionym: Neottia sinensis

Terrestrial herb 8-40 cm tall. Roots fleshy, tuberous, cylindrical, hairy. Leaves mostly basal, varying greatly in size and shape, oblong-elliptic to linear-elliptic, up to 20 by 1 cm, often smaller. Inflorescence terminal, erect, slender, rather densely or subdensely many-flowered. Flowers arranged spirally on the rachis, probably self-pollinating, scented, semi-open. Median sepal ovate, 0.32-0.4 by 0.14 cm. Lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate, 0.32-0.43 by 0.1 cm. Petals forming a hood with the median sepal, oblong-oblanceolate, slightly shorter than the dorsal sepal, 0.3 by 0.07 cm. Lip obovate in outline, obscurely 3-lobed at apex, slightly longer than the sepals, 0.45 by 0.3 cm, the lateral lobes semi-ovate, erect, the mid-lobe subcircular with an undulate-crispate margin, lip at the base with 2 fleshy, subglobose calli. (After Lewis & Cribb, 1991)

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